Adoption
is a process that provides permanency to a child that can not for various
reasons live with their birth parents. The natural parents, also commonly
known as birth parents’ rights and obligations toward their child
are permanently terminated, and the adoptive parents then assume these
rights and obligations. The legal procedure by which a formal legal
adoption occurs varies from state to state. This is why consulting an
attorney is of high importance because an attorney can assist in determining
the particular procedures of the state in which you live.
Before parental rights are fully given to the adoptive
parents, the Court determines that biological parents have, legally
and with full understanding, voluntarily relinquished their parental
rights. Sometimes parental rights may also be involuntarily taken due
to termination by the Court. Depending on the circumstances and state
laws, these two actions - the severing of biological parents' rights
and the bestowing of parental rights on the adoptive parents - may be
done at the same time, at finalization.
During the court finalization hearing, the judge reviews pertinent information
about the child, the biological parent(s), and the adopting parent(s),
such as the home study, adoption counseling and education reports for
both birth and adoptive parents, and the agency’s recommendations.
When adoptions are approved, the adoption becomes finalized
and an Adoption Decree is issued. The child’s name can now be
legally changed, and the Courts issue a new, amended birth certificate
which replaces the names of the birth parents with the names of the
adoptive parents, and replaces the child’s birth name with his/her
new full or surname. Documents surrounding the adoption including the
original birth certificate are then sealed.